Branched-chain amino acids, the three common amino acids in proteins, namely leucine, valine, and isoleucine, are collectively known as branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), so they can also be called complex branched-chain amino acids. These amino acids promote anabolism (muscle growth) in two specific ways: (1) To promote insulin release. (2) To promote growth hormone release. The most important of the branched-chain amino acids are leucine, the precursor of acid (KIC), and HMB, which builds muscle, reduces fat and provides nutrients to the body. Whey protein has a high BCAA content and should be supplemented with 4-5 grams after training.

D-Sorbitol is oxidized to fructose by D-Sorbitol dehydrogenase in mammals and humans, and then metabolized by the fructose-1-phosphate pathway, and its metabolism is not related to insulin in the body. At the same time, D-Sorbitol is not a suitable substrate for oral microorganisms without causing tooth decay and has a diuretic effect. So, do you know the function and role of D-Sorbitol and its application in food? Let's take a look.

Carrageenan is a hydrocolloid/edible gum extracted from red algae and seaweeds. It is a plant-based natural coagulant extracted from algae, like agar, and appears as white or light brown granules or powder when dried. Although it is also an algae-derived gel, the texture of jelly made from carrageenan is more elastic than agar, so carrageenan is a good coagulant, usually replacing agar, gelatin, and pectin. Before understanding the effects of carrageenan, let's understand the definition of carrageenan.

Maltodextrin is a polysaccharide food ingredient and a low conversion product between starch and amylose, while it has the appearance of a white or slightly light yellow amorphous powder without naked eye impurities, with a special odor and a non-sweet or slightly sweet taste.

Xanthan gum, also known as xanthan gum, Hansen gum, or Xanthomonas polysaccharide, is a kind of monosporous polysaccharide produced by the fermentation of pseudoxanthoma spp. By Xanthomonas campestris with carbohydrate as the main raw material, by aerobic fermentation bioengineering technology, cut the 1,6-glycosidic bond, open the branched chain, in the 1,4-bond synthesis of straight chain composed of an acidic extracellular heteropolysaccharide. Let me take you to know more about xanthan gum.